Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) was developed of by the French engineer Jacques D'Arsonval in 1881. However, at the time of this writing, the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii is home to the only running experimental OTEC manufacturing plant on the face of the earth. OTEC is a possible alternative energy source that needs to be funded and explored much more than it currently is. The great hurdle to get over with OTEC execution on a wide and practically useful level is value. It is difficult to get the costs down to a sensible level because of the processes so far utilized to drive OTEC. Ocean thermal electricity would be very clean burning and not add toxins into the air. However, as it presently would need to be installed with our current technologies, OTEC facilities would have the capacity for disturbing and perhaps damaging the local surroundings.

There are three variations of OTEC.

"Closed Cycle OTEC" uses a low-boiling point substance such as, for example, propane to operate as an intermediate substance. The OTEC plant pumps the warm sea water into the reaction cell and boils the intermediate fluid. This results in the intermediate fluid's vapor driving the turbine of the engine, which thus produces electricity. The mist is then cooled down by setting in cold sea water.

"Open Cycle OTEC" is not that dissimilar from closed cycling, with the exception that in the Open Cycle there is no intermediate fluid. The sea water by itself is the driver of the turbine engine in this OTEC format. Warm sea water discovered on the surface of the ocean is turned into a low-pressure steam under the constraint of a vacuum. The low-pressure vapor is discharged in a focused area and it has the strength to drive the turbine. To cool down the vapor and produce desalinated water for human ingestion, the deeper ocean's cold waters are added in to the vapor after it has developed sufficient electricity.

"Hybrid Cycle OTEC" is really just a theory for the time being. It seeks to make clear the way that we could make maximum usage of the thermal power of the ocean's waters. There are really two sub-theories to the idea of Hybrid Cycling. The first involves using a sealed cycling to generate electricity. This electricity is in turn employed to create the vacuum surrounding needed for open cycling. The second part is the integration of two open cyclings that twice the amount of desalinated potable water is produced with just one open cycle.

In addition to being used for producing electricity, a closed cycle OTEC factory can be utilized for managing chemicals. OTEC plants, both open cycling and close cycling variations, are also able to be used for pumping up cold deep marine water which can then be used for refrigerators and air conditioners. Furthermore, during the moderation period when the sea water is around the plant, the enclosed can be used for mariculture and aquaculture activities like fish farming. There is clearly quite a variety of products and services that we could gain from this alternative energy source.

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